Nirav Modi PNB Fraud Case – Complete Story in Hindi

Desh ka 2nd largest public sector bank aaj ₹11,400 crore ke transaction fraud case me fasa hua hai. 14th February 2018 ko PNB ne Bombay Stock Exchange ko ye inform kiya ki uski Mumbai ke ek branch me approximately $1771.69 million ke kuch ” fraudulent and unauthorised transactions” detect hue hai. Is announcement ke baad, PNB ke share prices 10% se gir gaye.

Issi beech, CBI ne PNB se billionaire Nirav Modi aur ek jewellery company ke against do complaints receive ki jisme ₹11,400 crore ke fraudulent transactions ka aarop lagaya gaya tha. Ye ₹280 crore ke fraud case ke addition me tha jiski already investigation chal rahi thi.

Nirav Modi ek luxury diamond jewellery designer hai jo 2017 ki Forbes list of India’s billionaire me 57th position pe tha. Ye Nirav Modi chain of diamond jewellery retail stores ka fonder aur creative director hone ke saath saath Firestar International ka chairman bhi hai. Uske designs ko Oscars me ‘Hidden Figures”  star Taraji P Henson ne aur Golden Globes me Dakota Johnson ne pehna tha. Yahaan tak ki Actress Priyanka Chopra iski brand ambassador thi.

Ye fraud allegedly Nirav Modi, uski wife Ami Modi, bhai Nishal Modi, aur chacha Mehul Chokshi jo ki partners the M/s Diamond R US, M/s Solar Exports, and M/s Stellar Diamonds ne organise kiya tha PNB officials aur employees ke saath mil kar.

PNB ki complaint ke according Mumbai ke Brady House Mid Corporate Branch me Letter Of Undertaking (LoU) ke fraudulent issue ka pata chala tha.  Letter of Undertaking (LoU) ek tarah ka bank guarantee hai jisse ek bank apne customers ko allow karta hai ki wo money raise kar sake dusare kisi Indian bank ke foreign branch se, short term credit ke form me. Ise Buyer’s Credit kaha jata hai.

Sabse pehle to ye samjhna zaruri hai ki Buyer’s Credit kaam kaise karta hai. Maan lete hai ki ek importer jiska naam Nirav Modi hai, usko diamonds import karne hai taaki wo unhen sell kar sake. Iske liye usko paise chahiye, to wo jata hai PNB ke paas.

PNB use kehti hai ki hum aapko loan de sakte hai INR me 10% interest rate ke saath. Lekin Nirav Modi ke purchases to dollars me hai isliye wo puchta hai ki kya use foreign currency me loan nahi mil sakta ?  But sawaal ye hai ki koi bhi foreign bank usko loan kyu dega. Unke paas Nirav Modi ki koi bhi history nahi hai.

PNB ne kaha ki hum tumhari help kar sakte hai. Hume bas ek guarantee deni hogi foreign branch ko   Letter of Undertaking (LoU) ke roop me, tumhare behalf par. Ye sunkar Nirav Modi kehta hai ki fir mujhe LoU issue kar do. Is par PNB ko kehna chahiye tha ki agar aapko ₹100 crore ka LoU chahiye to ₹100 crore ki collateral rakhni padegi. Lekin PNB ne aisa nahi kiya. Unhone collateral security maange bina hi LoU  issue kar diya.

PNB SWIFT message transmit karta hai indian bank ke foreign branch ko. SWIFT ek bank messaging network hai. Ye ek tarah se patthar pe ghichi lakir ki tarah hai jo kehta hai ki kisi bhi default ke case me PNB loan amount repay karega.

SWIFT message milne ke baad indian bank ka foreign branch PNB ke Nostro Account me paise daal deta hai. Nostro account wo account hai jo PNB  foreign banks me maintain karta hai taaki foreign banks PNB customers ke liye isme paise bhej sake.

Nirav Modi ko  paise dene ke bajaye, Foreign branch PNB ke Nostro account me wo paise daalta hai. Aisa isliye hai kyunki wo Nirav Modi ko nahi jaanta. Wo sirf ye jaanta hai ki PNB ne SWIFT channel par guarantee di hai.

Nirav Modi ne ek bhi paisa PNB ko wapas nahi kiya. Balki un paison ko share market me speculate kar diya. Usne PNB ke officials se kaha ki wo ek aur LoU issue karen debt owned plus interest ki amount ka. Mtlb agar uske paas starting me $10million ka LoU tha to second LoU $11million ka hoga taaki pehle LoU ka interest rate cover ho jaaye. Is ka sidha sa mtlb yahi hai ki second LoU ke paise se first LoU ko repay karna. Ise rolling over the credit kaha jata hai aur ye 2011 se chal raha tha. Ye SWIFT based LoU’s  PNB ke do corrupt officials jinmen se ek retired Deputy Manager Gokulnath Shetty tha Hong kong based creditors ko issue karte the, Nirav Modi aur Geetanjali group ke behalf par.

Jan 2018 me jab Partnership firms ka ek set – Diamond R US, Solar Exports, and Stellar Diamonds ne, 16th January ko import documents ke saath bank ko approach kiya aur overseas suppliers ko payment karne ke liye Buyer’s Credit ki request ki.

Is baar Branch official koi aur tha jisne  company se Buyer’s Credit increase karne ke liye LoU issue ke liye 100% cash margin rakhne ki request ki. Is par, firms ne kaha ki wo pehle bhi is facility ko avail karte aayen hai bina kisi guarantee ke; lekin core banking system me aise orders kabhi show hi nahi hue. PNB ne fraud suspect kiya aur transaction history ko shuru se check kiya. Aisa karne par  officials ne paaya ki unke do employees ne past me, prescribed procedure aur approvals ko follow kiye bina dhoke se LoU jaari kiye the. un do corrupt employees ne bina kisi collateral ke LoU issue kiya Nirav Modi ko.

Foreign branches 2011 se 2017 tak PNB se LoU obtain kar rahi thi. LoU’s ki ek fixed expiry date hoti hai kyunki bank ki liability infinite period ke liye nahi ho sakti. Is hisaab se Letters of guarantee ki total value ₹12,600 crore hai jo ki nikali gayi. Ye PNB ne Nirav Modi & Mehul Chokshi’s group of companies ko issue kiya tha.

Gold aur diamonds se jude businesses ke liye LoU maximum 90 days ke liye issue kiya jata hai. Lekin is case me LoU’s 6 mahine se lekar ek saal tak ke liye issue kiye gaye the. Koi margin money pay nahi ki gayi aur na hi koi credit limit specify ki gayi thi.

Employees ne tab detection se bachne ke liye banking system me entry kiye bina hi Buyer’s Credit increase karne ke liye Indian banks ki foreign branches ko SWIFT instructions transmit kiye. FIR ke according, 5 SWIFT messages Hong kong me Allahabad bank aur 3 Axis bank ko issue kiye gaye the.

PNB ne apni complaint me ye bhi kaha hai ki Import bills ki payment ke Naam pe jo funds raise kiye gaye uska use mostly cases me payments ke liye kiya hi nahi gaya. Nirav Modi aur uski family India me scam ki khabar se pehle hi 2018 ki starting me farar ho gaye the. India ke Enforcement Directorate ne saare partners ki assets ko attach karna shuru kar diya hai aur Fugitive Economic offenders ordinance ke under zapt karne ki maang kar raha hai.

CBI ne PNB ke retired Deputy Manager Gokulnath Shetty ke against disproportionate assets ka case register kiya kyunki uske known sources of income se  200 per cent zada wealth paayi gayi uske paas. Nirav Modi, bhai Nehal Modi aur do business associates ne milkar witnesses ko threaten karne ki aur evidence distroy karne ki koshish bhi ki. CBI ki chargesheet ke according,  Nirav Modi aur Nihal Modi apne 9 employees ko unki marzi ke khilaf Egypt lekar gaye aur un documents par sign karne ke liye majboor kiya jo un 9 ko owners establish kar rahe the Nirav Modi ki dummy companies ka.

February 2018 se Nirav Modi, delivery of property, corruption,  money laundering ke saath criminal conspiracy, criminal breach of trust aur cheating ke liye Interpol ki wanted list me hai. March 2019 me, London ke ek bank me kisi Indian origin clerk ne Nirav Modi ko pehchan liya aur police ko inform kar diya. Uske baad Modi ko UK ki police ne Central London me arrest kiya tha, indian authorities ke behalf par jinhone uske extradition ki maang ki thi. Aaj ki date me Nirav Modi UK ki jail me band hai.

Ye scam kaafi hadd tak banking system aur PNB employees ki galti ki wajah se hua jinhone LoU’s apne benefit ke liye issue kiye. Jahaan tak central banking system(CBS)  ki baat thi to SWIFT ne use bhi bypass kar diya. Koi internal coordination nahi tha aur na hi proper monitoring ki gayi thi. Internal banking system hamara puri tarah se fraudulent activities ke liye exposed tha. RBI ne  CBS aur SWIFT ko link karna mandatory nahi kiya tha jiski wajah se aaj bhi kayee banks aisa nahi karte.

Present scenario me, banks me khaas kar ke PSU’s me ek integrated solution ki urgent requirement hai. Dukh ki baat to ye hai ki Ye ₹11,400 crore ka scam aise time pe aaya jab central government capital infusion se PSB’s ki condition ko improve karne ki koshish kar rahi hai. Is scam se agar kuch acha ho sakta hai to wo ye  ki public sector banks me better practices ko impliment karne ke liye naye decisions liye jaa sakte hai.